Thursday, March 25, 2010

MakeUseOf.com: “Cool Websites and Tools [March 24th]” plus 8 more

MakeUseOf.com: “Cool Websites and Tools [March 24th]” plus 8 more

Link to MakeUseOf.com

Cool Websites and Tools [March 24th]

Posted: 24 Mar 2010 08:31 PM PDT


Check out some of the latest MakeUseOf discoveries. All listed websites are FREE (or come with a decent free account option). No trials or buy-to-use craplets. For more cool websites and web app reviews subscribe to MakeUseOf Directory.

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CertificateStreet – Certificates and awards are symbols of achievement and are often needed to encourage students and participants. CertificateStreet has hundreds of certificate templates for different categories ranging from sports and school to business and relationships. Read more: CertificateStreet: Get Free Printable Award Certificates.

 

Spreaker – It's simple: what Justin.tv and uStream are to television, Spreaker is to radio. If you want to broadcast your own online radio show, you can do so in only a few clicks and if you want to browse radio streams from around the country, it's as simple as pressing “play”. Read more: Spreaker: Broadcast Your Own Online Radio Show.

 

 

FlightRadar24 – Ever wondered how many planes come into or fly out of an airport at any given time? Now you can see it live with FlightRadar. It is a cool tool based on Google Maps that shows live air traffic in Europe. Each flight is indicated by a small plane icon and airports are indicated with a small blue x symbol. Read more: FlightRadar24: Watch Live Air Traffic In Europe.

 

 

Media.io – Music is stored in a variety of formats and this can be annoying if you have music in one format and a digital audio player that can only play another. If you're looking to convert audio but don't want to install a dedicated program to do so, Media.io is the web tool you've been looking for. Read more: Media.io: Easy Audio to MP3, WAV, OGG, WMA, M4A, MP4 and AAC Converter.

 

 

PopSciArchives – Popular Science is an American magazine that has been published every month since 1872 featuring news about scientific developments and new technologies. If you are a fan of Popular Science or of history for that matter, you'll love this web resource. It contains complete archives of the popular science magazine online going back to 1872. Read more: PopSciArchives: Browse Complete Archives Of Popular Science Magazine Online.

 

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These are just half of the websites that we discovered in the last couple of days. If you want us to send you daily round-ups of all cool websites we come across, leave your email here. Or follow us via RSS feed.

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How To Write A Simple Batch (.bat) File

Posted: 24 Mar 2010 06:31 PM PDT


how to write a batch fileBatch files are the computer handyman’s way of getting things done. They can automate everyday tasks, shorten the required time to do something, and translate a complex process into something anyone could operate.

Since automation programs like AutoHotKey exist, many people have never written or taken the time to understand bat files, and many don’t even know what they do.

In this article, I’m going to show you how to write a simple batch file and present some basics that a user will need to understand when writing one. I’ll also provide you with a few resources for learning to write batch (.bat) files in case you’d like to go further.


Let’s say that you frequently have network issues; you’re constantly getting on the command prompt and typing in things like “ipconfig” and pinging Google to see what the problem is. After a while you realize that it would be a bit more efficient if you just wrote a simple BAT file, stuck it on your USB stick, and used it on the machines you troubleshoot.

Step 1: Create A BAT File

Create a new text document on your desktop. Double click the file – it should be blank inside. Now, go to file>save as, and in the “Save As” window, input a name for your BAT file and then add a “.bat” on the end (without the quotes). My file was named testBAT.bat, for instance.

Before hitting save we need make sure that Windows doesn’t stick the standard “.txt” ending on the end of our new file. To do this, change the filetype from “.txt” to “all files” as shown in the screenshot below. That’s it – hit save and close the file.

how to write a batch file

Step 2: Learn Some Quick Code

If you know how to run commands in the command prompt, you’ll be a wiz at creating BAT files because it’s the same language. All you’re doing is telling the command prompt what you want to put in through a file, rather than typing it every time you run the command prompt. This saves you time and effort; but it also allows you to put in some logic (like simple loops, conditional statements, etc. that procedural programming is capable of conceptually).

There are SEVEN simple commands I want to familiarize you with for this program. Commands are NOT case sensitive, so don’t worry about that.

TITLE - The Window name for the BAT file.

ECHO - the “print” statement for BAT files. Anything following the word ECHO will be displayed in the command prompt as text, on its own line.

ECHO OFF – BAT writers typically put this at the beginning of their files. It means that the program won’t show the command that you told it to run while it’s running – it’ll just run the command. I’d recommend that after you run this test program, you try removing this line from your code to see what happens.

PAUSE - This outputs the “press any key to continue…” message that you’ve seen all too many times. It’s helpful because it pauses the BAT file execution until the user tells it to go again. If you don’t put this in your program, everything will speed by and end before you can see it. People typically put this in BAT files to give the user a chance to review the material on the screen before continuing.

CLS - Clears the DOS window (helpful if things get too cluttered!).

IPCONFIG – Outputs a lot of network information into your DOS box (network admins have dreams solely based off this command).

PING - Pings an IP, letting you know if your computer was able to contact it. This command also returns the latency (ping time) and by default pings three times.

Step 3: Do Some Quick Logic

We need to plan our program out. Any good programmer will think about the general framework of their program before they dash into things – it prevents them from making logic mistakes that are hard to back out of.

For this program, we want to check the computer’s network/internet settings with an “ipconfig /all” command, and then review that information by giving the user time to read everything. Afterwards, we want to ping google.com to figure out if we really truly have access to the internet. We’ll pause the program after this as well, because we want to know for sure that they saw it.  OK. Very simple program, very simple logic. Let’s write some code.

Step 4: Write Your BAT File

Right click your BAT file and click “edit” to bring up Notepad. The whole document should be blank – ready for some epic programmer input.

Rather than walking you line by line through the code (it’s extremely short) I’m going to use a code comment (example–   CODE  ::Comment) to let you know what we just did.I’m putting the actual code in bold to make things a bit easier to process.

———–Start Code———–

ECHO OFF
::CMD will no longer show us what command it’s executing(cleaner)
ECHO As a network admin, I’m getting tired of having to type these commands in! Hopefully, this saves me some time in the long run.
:: Print some text
IPCONFIG /ALL
:: Outputs tons of network information into the command prompt
PAUSE
:: Lets the user read the important network information
PING www.google.com
:: Ping google to figure out if we’ve got internet!
ECHO All done pinging Google.
::Print some text
PAUSE
:: Give the user some time to see the results. Because this is our last line, the program will exit and the command window will close once this line finishes.

———–End Code———–

Step 5: Run Your BAT File

Save the file you just coded (or copy/paste mine in, it will run as written), and double click it. Your output should be something like the screenshot below.

how to write a batch file

Congratulations! You’ve written a batch file successfully.

If you want to learn more about bat files, I’d recommend you check out the commands available to the language. From there, your best bet is to write your own, or follow more examples online. Feel free to comment here if you have a BAT-related question.

The most useful BAT I’ve made so far is one that allowed me to compile and run Java programs with a single command, saving me countless amounts of command typing in the long run (because I compile/run so often when programming). I’ve also made one that sets file associations up the way I want them when I plug in my flash drive to a PC – this makes it possible for my portable apps to be the default app right from the get-go with a new computer.

Have you written anything cool with BAT files before?

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5 Essential Wordpress Plugins & Services for Business Blogs

Posted: 24 Mar 2010 04:31 PM PDT


Business BlogCreating a Wordpress blog for your business can be a great way to keep in touch with your customers and increase interest in your product(s). For some people, their blog is their whole business.

Making a successful blog may seem like a daunting task. There are millions of blogs out there and it may seem impossible at first to stand out. The major thing that will help your blog stand out is the content you provide. It needs to be useful for your visitors. But besides that, there are free services and business plugins for Wordpress to help you along the way.

We’ll take a look at five of the essentials for Wordpress business blogs.

Google Webmaster Tools

Google Webmaster Tools is an essential service to help with your search engine optimization (SEO) efforts. Google wants your site to be Google-friendly and their tools will help you.

Getting started is simple. Log in with a free Google account (register for one if needed) and go to Google Webmaster Tools. Google will ask you to verify you are the site owner by adding a meta tag to your homepage or uploading a HTML file.

Google Webmaster Tools

Once verified, you’ll have access to information about your site, such as which keywords are ranked the best on Google and tips on how to improve your site.

Google XML Sitemap

A sitemap is a XML format that will help Google (and other search engines) index and crawl your site efficiently. Wordpress plugin author Arne Brachhold has created a great plugin for this specific purpose called Google XML Sitemaps. This plugin is freely available for download from the Wordpress download page or from Wordpress’s built-in plugin finder.

To access the plugin finder, log into your Wordpress site. On the left hand menu, find the Plugins header and click “Add New“.

Google Sitemap Submit

After installation, select XML-Sitemap from the left-hand Settings menu and click the link to generate your first sitemap. When finished, your sitemap is available at http://your-blog.com/sitemap.xml. You can then log into your Google Webmaster Tools (from above) and submit your sitemap.

Twitter Tools

Twitter has proven itself to be a useful way of communicating with clients and customers for businesses. It’s a great way to promote new products, share the latest news, answer questions and get feedback. If you would like to show your tweets in a sidebar on your business blog and seamlessly integrate Twitter with Wordpress, there’s a great plugin called Twitter Tools by Alex King that will let you do that.

Download the plugin here or use Wordpress’s built-in plugin finder. After installation, go to your Settings and then Twitter Tools to complete the setup. You will need to enter your Twitter username and password.

Twitter Tools

To add the sidebar in the admin area, go to Design and then Widgets. From here you can add the Twitter Tools widget to your sidebar with a simple drag and drop move. You may want to change the title to something other than “Twitter Tools”, like “Our Tweets” or “Twitter News“.

Cforms II

When you're running an online business, making it easy for your customers to communicate with you is a must. Having a contact email listed on your site will work, but it's more professional and convenient to provide a contact form. One of the easiest ways to build a contact form is with the Cforms II business plugin for Wordpress by Oliver Seidel.

After downloading and installing the plugin, go into the configuration. The plugin has a thorough set of documentation to walk you through the creation of your form.

Cforms II

As shown in the screenshot above, you're able to easily add new fields. After creating your form, be sure to verify your email settings are correct. Go to the “Admin Email Options” in the configuration and double-check that the “from” and “admin” email addresses matches what you set up in your blog originally. You can then choose to add the Cforms II button to your toolbar, which will let you easily click and add the form to whatever pages you want.

WP Super Cache

As your audience grows, you may find that you need to start thinking more about optimizing your site for heavy loads, especially if your site ever becomes popular because of a site like YouTube or Digg. Without optimization your site could likely run slow or even crash completely.

The WP Super Cache plugin can help you prevent any slowdown problems and it's a good thing to set up BEFORE your site hits the big time. Note: You need to have mod_rewrite enabled on your server to use this plugin. If you're unsure if you have it, please ask your web host.

WP Super Cache

To get started, download the WP Super Cache plugin, upload it to your plugins folder, and activate it. Then go to “Settings | WP Super Cache“, and set the plugin status to ON. After that, scroll down the page and click “Update mod_rewrite rules“. Now as you visit your site, WP Super Cache will begin to cache pages and this will help them load faster.

If you notice any strange behavior on your site, or some other plugins not working correctly, it is possible they may not be fully compatible with WP Super Cache. In this case, you can occasionally choose to “Delete Cache” in the Cache Contents section of the WP Super Cache configuration, or you may need to uninstall the plugin completely. If so, then there are some other plugins like “WP Cache” that you could try instead, but chances are WP Super Cache will work great for you.

Have you tried any of these business plugins for Wordpress before? Do you have any other recommendations for anyone with a business blog? Please leave us a comment and let us know!

Image credit: remedix

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3 Ways To Add Cool Video Features To Your Website

Posted: 24 Mar 2010 02:31 PM PDT


If a picture is worth a thousand words, then a video is a goldmine. Mark covered a useful app to create an online photo album, and Jeffry outlines out to create a photo gallery in Wordpress. However, if you’re more interested in sharing your videos – you could always run over to YouTube like everyone else and share it out there.

Better yet, why not host that awesome video on your own website and use it to attract traffic to your own website? In this article, I’m going to share three awesome tools you can use to create your own high-quality video sharing website.


There are many different ways you can integrate video into your website. In this article, I’m going to cover three separate and hopefully unique ways to make your own video website by using short video clips, embedding a video feed, and allowing visitors to post video comments on your blog. Pretty cool features to have on any website, right? Let’s take a look at how easy it is for you to do.

Create A Video Update Page With 12 Seconds

12Seconds.tv is a very cool online video messaging application that lets you record 12 second video clips that you can use to share on Twitter, through email, or in our particular case, embedded as a widget directly onto your website.

What makes 12Seconds so versatile is that you can send in a video update in many different ways – record it at 12Seconds.tv, upload it from your computer, or send it in from your mobile phone. Once you set up the widget on your website, all you have to do is upload your latest video update to your 12Seconds account, and your widget automatically gets loaded with the video.

Just visit the widget page, and you have a choice of using a large widget for a full page, or a skinny widget for a sidebar.

To integrate your video into your own website, just highlight the code and paste it into your blog. In my case, I’ve pasted it into a special page I created on RyanDube where I’ve decided to use the tool to provide 12 second news updates whenever I’m on the road doing any research or interviewing someone.

Now, if you think about this – this widget is essentially a personal videocast of your very own. Depending on how widely you distribute your widget, you could potentially be distributing your 12 second updates to countless websites all throughout the net. Multiply that by the number of readers on each website, and you could have a pretty significant audience for your 12Second updates. Make them funny or unique – and the viral marketing opportunity here is pretty impressive.

Offer Your Visitors An Interesting Video News Feed

If you haven’t heard of Feedzilla, it’s basically a service that aggregates and provides news feeds to widgets that bloggers and website owners can embed on their site. While this is definitely a useful service, because you can tailor the RSS widget to whatever keyword topics you like, the service becomes even more valuable when you add in the awesome video news feed that’s included with it.

Just visit the video news feed page and type in the keywords for the video content you’d like displayed in your widget.

In my case, I use a theme called Scarlett that has a section for embedded video. Up to now I’ve used a YouTube video that I had to remember to manually update every couple of weeks. Now, with FeedZilla, I can set up the embed code in the same way, but now FeedZilla does all of the work with updating the video! My blog is about citizen journalism, so that’s the search term I use for my video feed.

Just customize the size to fit your needs, and click on either button to add the widget to your blogger blog, or for the regular javascript code to embed it into any webpage. Just embed it, and you’re done.

Now you’ll have a constant source of fresh video news on your blog or website with absolutely no effort on your part.

The best thing about Feedzilla is that there’s no signup required. Just configure your feed widget, embed it onto your website and you’re done.

Use BubbleCast To Allow Visitor Video Comments

It’s nice to get feedback from blog readers, both the good and the bad. You can really get to know your readers well through the comments section, and it creates a sense of community and collaboration. By its very nature, video messages are much more personal and communicate messages much better than text could. You can see the body language and facial expressions, and you can tell if someone is just trying to be funny or sarcastic by that crooked grin or wide smile.

BubbleCast is a video community and a tool that lets you send and receive video messages. Much like 12Seconds.tv, BubbleCast lets you upload or record videos to your account, but other users can also record videos and send video messages as well.

The feature that I want to focus on in this article is the Quickcast tool that you can embed on your webpage to integrate the Quickcast community and video recording feature right into your webpage. Anyone with a BubbleCast account can quickly record or upload a video straight from your site without even visiting BubbleCast.

Just sign up and then copy & paste the embed code into whatever page you’d like to offer this integrated feature. The widget is displayed on your webpage exactly as shown below.

In addition to integrating BubbleCast video into your website, you can also embed a widget that displays your latest uploaded video, just like 12Seconds.tv, without the 12 second limit. So if you’re a little bit long-winded, you may want to just go with the BubbleCast widget!

Do you know of any other fun ways to integrate video tools and features into a website? Share your own resources in the comments section below.

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How To Remotely & Automatically Add Songs To iTunes [Mac]

Posted: 24 Mar 2010 12:31 PM PDT


00 Logos s.jpgI was helping my friend install iTunes on his Windows machine when I noticed a folder called “Automatically Add To iTunes” inside the “iTunes Music” folder. I never knew that such a folder existed and after a meticulous search, found out that there’s a similar folder in my Mac buried among hundreds of other artists folders.

As the name suggests, the folder is the dropbox where you can throw any kind of (compatible) multimedia file to be automatically added to iTunes (and later on synchronized to iPod/iPhone/iPad). I wondered why Apple put such a useful function so deep inside, that many iTunes users (at least the ones that I know) don’t even know it exists.

01b Auto add iTunes Music .jpg

And speaking of dropbox, my imagination has already run wild with the possibilities of being able to remotely and automatically add songs to iTunes.

Add Songs to Itunes With Drop Box

00 Dropbox Logo.jpgThe small 2GB USB thumb drive chained to my keys has been my faithful companion for so long. On many occasions, it’s my only tool for file transferring between computers – songs included.

My encounter with Dropbox reduced the thumb drive’s workload a little bit. Now I can put some of my files in the Dropbox folder to have them automatically synchronized to my home computer and other computer(s). Still the other half of the work remains; I have to tidy up the files and move them from the Dropbox folder to their respective locations.

And in the case of songs, I still have to open the tunes using iTunes to import them to the music library, because a simple copy and paste to the iTunes folder just won’t work. After the songs appear on the list, I have to delete the original files to free some room on the hard drive.

The Mac Side

Now, the rather long process of transferring songs to iTunes from other computers could be simplified by several degrees. Here are the steps that I take on my Mac:

  1. I created a new folder (Command + Shift + N) inside the Dropbox folder called “iTunes Temp” (in case you are wondering, yes, you may change the name, my dear friends ) This is the place where I put all the songs that I want to synchronize from other computers.

    02 iTunes Temp Dropbox.jpg

  2. I opened Automator and created a folder action to move anything inside the “iTunes Temp” folder to the “Automatically Add To iTunes” folder. The actions that I chose were “Find Finder Items” and “Move Finder Items“. I set the filter to include everything that I throw in there.

    03 Folder Actions.jpg

    Just some short notes: creating an alias of the “Automatically Add To iTunes” folder inside the Dropbox folder on your Mac won’t work because it’s not recognizable by a Windows machine. If you own a copy of Hazel, you can use it instead of Automator.

The Windows Side

What if you want to add songs to iTunes in Windows? Can we replicate the process? Yes indeed. And the basic arrangement is the same:

  1. Create an “iTunes Temp” folder inside the Dropbox folder.
  2. Move the files inside the “iTunes Temp” folder to the “Automatically Add To iTunes” folder. To do this automatically, you need help from a similar application to Automator or Hazel. There’s one old app that I found called File Mover which is not as good as its Mac counterparts, but it will get the job done.

    05 filemover.jpg

    This app hasn’t been updated for a while, but I tried it on XP without any problem.

The Wrap-Up

In conclusion, the steps explained above to add songs to iTunes will make your iTunes life so much easier. Any song that you put inside the “iTunes Temp” folder from any computer – locally or remotely – will automatically appear in your iTunes song list. No tidying up necessary.

As always, throw any thoughts, opinions, rants, anything – in the comments below.

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Ditching Evernote? Check Out 5 Free Web Clipping Alternatives

Posted: 24 Mar 2010 11:31 AM PDT


Perish the thought. Why would you ditch Evernote? The one de facto tool that can take care of capturing, annotating, tagging, and organizing all the information that's out there. If I am sounding too gung ho about this software, I am definitely not alone. Evernote has lots of uses to crow about.

But then the web space of web clipping tools and information managers is not Evernote's alone. There are many more information chunking tools that are trying to grab a slice of the pie. For us users, it's all the better because we get many more web clipping tools to play around with.


Online note-taking, web clipping tools are must have tools to keep in our browser toolset. The one advantage that some of these tools bestow is offline access to the saved pages. A bookmark may fail as the link changes, but if you have an offline facsimile stored in your hard drive, then that's information you can use.

The five web clipping alternatives have their own good points in the way they catch and keep the information for us. Try them out and see if they can serve as good stand-ins as Evernote alternatives.

Clipmarks

Clipmarks allows you to clip just the things you want instead of saving the entire thing as a complete file. You can select sections of a webpage, pictures, text, and even videos and save them with their original links.

Clipmarks installs itself as a button in Firefox and Internet Explorer. Discrete sections of a webpage can be 'clipped' with orange boxes or text can be selected and clipped. A press of the Clip Button and your selected text, images, video and other types of information becomes a Clipmarks Clip for online storage on your Cliplog.

You can add your own tags and a title to each Clipmarks Clip. Clips can be kept private or shared through social media and email. A new Amplify It service also allows you to post it optionally on Twitter, Facebook, Delicious and Clipmarks.com (Clipmarks' own community site).

Clipmarks keeps count of your clips with a character meter. Each clip is limited to 1000 characters.

Read our past coverage on Clipmarks here and here.

Marro (Beta)

Marro is another web clipping/social bookmarking web application that follows the Firefox and IE browser extension route. But in contrast to Clipmarks, Marro also provides bookmarklets for other browsers like Opera, Chrome and Safari.

web clipping tool

The Marro add-on for Firefox isn't updated to the latest version of Firefox but you can make do with the bookmarklet. IE8's accelerator from Marro works fine. The process is simple – select the section of the webpage (images and other media included), click on the Marro web clipping tool and you get a box as shown in the screenshot above. Add a tag and a URL alias which will be the pointer for the web clip.

The web clip is saved in your online account. You can choose to share it or keep it private.

To annotate the web clip, a text editor is also conveniently provided. The one distinct feature to like about Marro is that it allows the user to download the saved webpage as PDF, HTML, TXT, or as a DOC file.

online web clipping tools

Scrapbook

Scrapbook is a Firefox add-on that lets you save snippets from webpages or a webpage or an entire website and manage all that in collections. Scrapbook operates as a browser sidebar with the collections arranged in a tree view (or a list view).

evernote alternative

Scrapbook also has a lot of other tools that are quite handy at annotating the webpage or highlighting specific segments. You can choose to annotate a page before or after capture. Scrapbook also supports in-depth capture. One unique feature allows it to capture page with its linked media files.

All internal and external hyperlinks are retained in the capture. The filtered search also makes getting to all that stored information a lot easier.

Scrapbook is a great web clipping tool to have right in your browser. I won't go into too much detail here, but direct you to our past coverage on this essential Firefox add-on that can be read here and here.

Zoho Notebook (Beta)

As a free Office and productivity suite, the set of applications from Zoho doesn't lag behind. Zoho Notebook deserves a look as a great way to collect snippets of information as you browse the web. What makes Zoho Notebook is that it comes with browser extensions for Firefox and Chrome.

You can log into Zoho Notebook using your Google account. The browser plugins are one touch tools to collect information as you browse from one webpage to the other. The plugin installs on the right side of the status bar. On any webpage, select the text and right click. From the context menu, choose Add to Zoho Notebook. You can also drag and drop images into the notebook window that's opened on the right corner of the browser window.

All the information can be bunched up in notebooks and pages. Zoho has integrated search which helps you to search in one notebook or across multiple notebooks. For smoother organization, you can also move information across the created pages and notebooks.

Zoho Notebook has a useful new found ability to export a single notebook page or an entire notebook as an HTML page. Using this you can easily export all the information to an application like Microsoft OneNote.

And Give A Thought To…

Microsoft OneNote

It's right there as perhaps the most neglected of apps in the Microsoft Suite (though it’s not technically a free tool, in the sense of the word). Quite an injustice, when you consider that it has powerful web clipping functions. Microsoft Office Online has a great instructional on how to use Microsoft OneNote for web research.

OneNote itself has a Clip tool that can clip any part of the screen. Though the clip is pasted as an image only, a link to that page is added to the screen clipping.

To supplement OneNote's tools, you can try out the experimental Mozilla Addon – Clip to OneNote. Though the results are not that clean cut, but the add-on makes sending of text and images a bit easier from Firefox to OneNote.

Managing information is a bulwark against information overload. Using plain and simple bookmarks is a basic way. Power users look for solutions beyond the click and go of bookmarks. Evernote is one of the better ones.

Which web clipping tools out of these five do you think could be an alternative?

Image Credit: metamerist

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Learn Digital Camera Exposure Settings Using Your iPhone

Posted: 24 Mar 2010 10:31 AM PDT


If you want to get serious about digital photography, you will eventually need to learn about how to shoot beyond Automatic mode on your camera, and understand how to meter your shots using various camera exposure settings.

I'll be honest and say that it took me a while to really understand the triangular relationship between aperture, shutter speed, and ISO. I took an entire semester of two beginner photography classes, and though I passed them both with straight A's, neither instructor got across to some of us students exactly how the elements of exposure really work.


The biggest and what should have been the most obvious reason why this happened is because neither instructor actually had us take out cameras, plop a fast lens on and learn how different camera exposure settings have a reciprocal effect one another. They lectured about exposure settings but never thought we needed to learn hands on. I kid you not about this.

There are entire books written about understanding exposure, and the best I recommend is Bryan Peterson's Understanding Exposure. When you learn how to control aperture, shutter, and ISO settings you can make many more creative choices in your photography, and you also can figure out why your shots may be coming out under or over-exposed.

I've written one how-to article on MUO about using different aperture and shutter speeds with a 35mm camera. There are several other similar articles on the Internet that provide similar exposure exercises and techniques.

But if you're an iPhone or iPod touch user, you might want to check out two free apps that aim to illustrate how aperture and shutter settings work. Of course, these free apps try to wet your appetite for the full paid version, but if you're interested in understanding the subject, you might as well take advantage of the free versions, and if you find them useful, try the full versions.

The apps were designed by two photographers, Alexnder Ketko and Chris McCarthy, of Islap101. Their two free lite versions are called Photo Module 1: Aperture, and Photo Module 2: Shutter.

Each app is divided into lessons and recipes. The lessons use an interactive button to simulate actual lens settings for aperture and shutter speeds. For example, when you move the button up or down on the aperture module, it shows how the lens opens and closes down, like in a real camera. A similar lesson shows how aperture settings will affect say a landscape shot, whereby the smaller the aperture speed, the sharper the depth of field for a landscape shot.

photomodule_5.jpg

Likewise, Module 2, illustrates how fast and slow shutter speeds open and close the shutter on a camera. The interactive lesson on this module would have been better though if they had simulated the sound a shutter makes at fast and slow speeds. The shutter of course sounds slower when it's at lower shutter speeds, and often times that's why your photos may be coming out blurry, because the shutter speed is too slow.

photomodule_11.jpg

The next lesson on the shutter module shows how different shutter speeds will freeze or blur a moving subject in a shot. This is where understanding shutter speed provides you more creative control over these types of shots you make with moving subjects.

photomodule_8.jpg

Each module also includes Recipes which are one or two paragraph instructions for taking shots using the lessons taught in the module. Some of the recipes are illustrated with actual photographs.

photomodule_7.jpg

photomodule_6.jpg

These apps alone may not help you to fully understand exposure settings, but they have the right idea. The interactive lessons give you a sort of hands on understanding of the subjects. But it's only when you take what you learn from the modules and try those similar shots on your camera that you really start learning how to shoot in advance shooting modes on your camera.

One last tip I would give you for understanding camera exposure settings is to get a fast lens for your camera, such a very affordable 50mm f/1.4 lens. This lens will open wide enough to get a great shallow depth of field portrait shots, which will in turn illustrate very quickly the effect a large aperture has on the foreground and background of a subject. A wider aperture blurs the background and sharpens the foreground in a photograph, which is the least you should know.

Let us know how you learned to shoot beyond automatic mode on your camera. Do you find the subject of exposure difficult to understand? Don't be shy, you're not alone. See if these two apps might help.

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Zim: An Easy To Use Desktop Wiki For Your Life & Everything

Posted: 24 Mar 2010 09:31 AM PDT


zim-iconAnyone who’s used Wikipedia already knows what a wiki is: a series of user-created pages that link to each other heavily. Wikipedia being among the largest collaborative projects on the face of the planet, it’s not hard to see how wikis can be used to get things done.

What you’ve perhaps never considered is how useful a personal wiki can be for everyday life. A wiki can act exactly like a to-do list, but with the ability to branch off any complex task to its own page. A wiki can also contain your contact list, detailed information about ongoing projects and any other piece of information you can think of – and do so in an organized manner.


The Zim wiki is an open-source program available for Linux and Windows, and it’s a great way to build a simple desktop wiki. Best of all, it’s named after the single greatest cartoon character in history.

Installation

Installing the Zim wiki is easy. If you’re a Linux user, the program is most likely in your repositories already, so check out your package manager and find the package called “Zim.” Alternatively, you can find links to packages here.

Windows users can find a link to an installer here. Simply run the executable and you’ll install Zim wiki in one easy step.

OSX users can attempt to install Zim, if they want, but it’s not easy. Find instructions here that assume you already know how to use Mac Ports, then cry into your pillow softly when you realize you’ve no idea how to get it working. Recover by looking at cute kittens here, then read more about installing Mac Ports here. I'd help you out myself, but I'm not a Mac user…sorry about that.

Start Up Zim Wiki

zim-new wiki

When you start Zim for the first time you’ll be asked to create a repository. A repository is essentially a folder on your computer containing the text documents that make up your Zim wiki, so decide where you want your folder to be (‘Directory‘).

Pick a name for your new wiki (‘Name‘), then a name for your home page, if you care. You can also pick a custom icon, and tell Zim the folder in which you store most of your documents.

Once you’ve created your wiki you can get started using the program. The home page of your wiki is automatically opened, leaving you free to type whatever you want.

zim-main page

Text editing tools are basic: you can highlight, bold, italicize and underline text as well as pick from six different fonts. But Zim isn’t supposed to be a text editor first and foremost: it’s a way to organize information.

Potential Uses

Let’s say you have a project coming up that’s going to take multiple steps. You could write the entirety of your steps on one page to function as a to-do list, but this is going to be visually overwhelming and might discourage you from getting started. If instead you break your project into sections, and give each of these sections a different page in your wiki, you can focus on the tasks immediately on hand without ever feeling overwhelmed.

Adding a new page to the wiki is easy. Simply type the name of the page you want to create, highlight the name and click the link button on the toolbar (alternatively, you can click “Insert” followed by “Link.” A new page will be created, which you’ll be taken to immediately.

Doing this for all the separate pages you want, you can create a wiki containing all the tasks you need to accomplish for your project. You can even provide direct links to documents and websites pertaining to the project, allowing you to work from one central place that you can edit at will.

If project management isn't your thing, there's still a lot of uses out there. I use it as a sort of simple contact management system: it allows me to set up everyone into categories.

zim-contacts

Other things I've used Zim wiki for in the past include compiling a list of albums I want, a list of terminal lines I need to run regularly or even wireless passwords (though this probably isn't terribly secure on my part).

Keep It In Sync With Dropbox

If you’ve got more than one computer you’re going to want your wiki to be the same on each computer. The simplest way to achieve this is to use Dropbox, or any other file-syncing program, to keep your wiki identical from one computer to another. I described how to do this in my article 4 Unique and Cool Ways to Use Dropbox.

Conclusion

The Zim wiki is a powerful tool for organization if used properly. What uses can MakeUseOf readers think of for the program? Sharing your ideas helps us all, so go ahead and share your ideas with everyone in the comments below.

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3 Cool Online Thrift Stores To Save Yourself A Fortune

Posted: 24 Mar 2010 08:31 AM PDT


tsHeadTimes are tough! I find myself saying that more and more. When I was younger I loved thrift shops as they allowed me to purchase things I would not have been able to afford, for low prices.

Nowadays my wife would never let me bring this crap into our home but for a college student this is a great way to decorate a dorm room or a first apartment. I knew kids that bought all their clothes from thrift stores.

Now in 2010, we are in the digital age ,and like everything else thrift stores are online.


We will run down three really cool online thrift stores that might help you save a small fortune. One of the shops is a non-profit for charity and the other two are for-profit companies but they all have good deals!

We will cover the charity first. It is Good Will Online. When we arrive at their homepage we will see a screen that looks something like this:

thrift stores online

Good Will Online’s shop offers their items up in an eBay-like fashion which is pretty cool. You can bid on an item you want and hope to win it. You can find different categories like Art, Clothing, Collectibles, Books/Movies/Music, Antiques, Computers & Electronics, For The Home, Musical Instruments and many more. When clicking on a category they will show you sub-categories as well as "featured" listings and then the additional ones.

The products come from their stores nationwide so they will also tell you where the items are located and a specific description of them.

thrift stores online

The next online thrift store up for review is Gone Tomorrow a.k.a Once in a Blue Moon. They are an online thrift store and consignment shop. This means you can sell your used items on their site as well as buy the items they have for sale.

When you arrive at their site you will see a screen that looks something like this:

thrift stores online

They have categories on the right which include $1.00 items and bridal wear! A very eclectic collection of stuff but that is where you can find the best stuff! Let's take a closer look as to what Once in a Blue Moon has to offer:

thrift stores to shop online

I clicked on books and was greeted with the above sub-sections. I then moved onto the Fiction Hardcover/Paper Back section and saw this:

thrift stores to shop online

There is no bidding here. You can just simply click on add to cart and purchase the item. It is then yours! Have yourself a look around and see if anything floats your boat!

And finally we have AtOncer that seems to have a huge collection of everything available online. When you arrive at their website you will see their categories like so:

thrift stores to shop online

Clicking into a category will show you their items or sub-categories like so:

online thrift stores

And then clicking through to a sub-category will show  you this:

online thrift stores

Some of the products have auctions and some have purchase prices. You can find some great deals on here if the equipment works! Check out that Phillips DVD Player for $15!

Do you have a favorite thrift store site online? Or maybe you run one – either way share the URLs with us in the comments!

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